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Question
Read the following statements and identify the correct statement related to water pollution.
Read the following statements and identify the correct statement related to water pollution.
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Solution
The correct option is D Mercury and copper are normally present in industrial wastewater
The contamination of water bodies like oceans, seas, lakes, rivers and groundwater caused mostly due to human activities is called water pollution. It results in an undesirable change in the physical, chemical or biological properties of water that will have a detrimental effect on any living organism.
The main sources of water pollution are as follows:
Sewage from homes and hospitals (Domestic sewage) - It includes discharge from residential and commercial establishments. It contains human and animal excreta, food residues, detergents, toxic heavy metals and other wastes.
Therefore, wastewater from hospitals contains various wastes and not just toxic heavy metals. Hence, option c is incorrect.
Domestic sewage often contains many undesirable pathogens and its disposal into a water body without proper treatment may cause an outbreak of serious diseases like dysentery (mostly caused by Shigella), typhoid (caused by Salmonella typhi), cholera (caused by Vibrio cholerae), jaundice etc. These diseases are transmitted due to contaminated food and water.
Influenza is a disease caused by influenza virus that infects the nose, throat, and lungs. These viruses spread by direct contact with the infected person or by inhaling the droplets/aerosols released by an infected person during coughing, sneezing or talking. Influenza is not a water borne disease.
Hence option b is incorrect.
Wastewater from industries - Unlike domestic sewage, wastewater from industries like petroleum, paper manufacturing, metal extraction and processing, chemical manufacturing etc. contains toxic substances like heavy metals. It includes cadmium, copper, lead, mercury etc. Heavy metals are those elements with density> 5 g/cm3.
Hence, option d is correct.
Industrial wastewater majorly contains toxic substances like heavy metals and can have pathogenic organisms too. However, pathogens are more likely to be in domestic sewage than in industrial wastewater.
Hence, option a is incorrect.
The contamination of water bodies like oceans, seas, lakes, rivers and groundwater caused mostly due to human activities is called water pollution. It results in an undesirable change in the physical, chemical or biological properties of water that will have a detrimental effect on any living organism.
The main sources of water pollution are as follows:
Sewage from homes and hospitals (Domestic sewage) - It includes discharge from residential and commercial establishments. It contains human and animal excreta, food residues, detergents, toxic heavy metals and other wastes.
Therefore, wastewater from hospitals contains various wastes and not just toxic heavy metals. Hence, option c is incorrect.
Domestic sewage often contains many undesirable pathogens and its disposal into a water body without proper treatment may cause an outbreak of serious diseases like dysentery (mostly caused by Shigella), typhoid (caused by Salmonella typhi), cholera (caused by Vibrio cholerae), jaundice etc. These diseases are transmitted due to contaminated food and water.
Influenza is a disease caused by influenza virus that infects the nose, throat, and lungs. These viruses spread by direct contact with the infected person or by inhaling the droplets/aerosols released by an infected person during coughing, sneezing or talking. Influenza is not a water borne disease.
Hence option b is incorrect.
Wastewater from industries - Unlike domestic sewage, wastewater from industries like petroleum, paper manufacturing, metal extraction and processing, chemical manufacturing etc. contains toxic substances like heavy metals. It includes cadmium, copper, lead, mercury etc. Heavy metals are those elements with density> 5 g/cm3.
Hence, option d is correct.
Industrial wastewater majorly contains toxic substances like heavy metals and can have pathogenic organisms too. However, pathogens are more likely to be in domestic sewage than in industrial wastewater.
Hence, option a is incorrect.
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