Solar constant is the amount of solar energy incident perpendicularly per unit time on unit surface area of the earth at an average distance between the Sun and the earth. Its value in $S_{0} = 1340 w / m^{2}$ . Here calculate temperature of the Sun's surface.
Radius of the Sun $R_{s} = 7 \times 10^{8} m$
Average distance between the earth and the Sun $R_{0} = 1.5 \times 10^{11} m$
$σ = 5.67 \times 10^{- 8} W m^{- 2} K^{- 4}$

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Solution

Solar constant is: $S_{o} = 1340 W m^{- 2}$
Hence, total power radiated by sun is: $P = S_{o} \times 4 π d^{2}$ where $d$ is distance between the sun and the earth.
Using stefan's law,
$P = σ A T^{4}$
$T = {(\frac{4 S_{o} π d^{2}}{4 σ π r^{2}})}^{1 / 4}$
$= 5776 K$

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Solar constant is: So=1340 Wm−2Hence, total power radiated by sun is: P=So×4πd2 where d is distance between the sun and the earth.Using stefan's law,P=σAT4T=(4Soπd24σπr2)1/4 =5776 K

Solar constant is: $S_{o} = 1340 W m^{- 2}$
Hence, total power radiated by sun is: $P = S_{o} \times 4 π d^{2}$ where $d$ is distance between the sun and the earth.
Using stefan's law,
$P = σ A T^{4}$
$T = {(\frac{4 S_{o} π d^{2}}{4 σ π r^{2}})}^{1 / 4}$
$= 5776 K$