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Question

State the main characteristics of chemical reactions. Give at least one example in each case.

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Solution

The main characteristics of a chemical reaction are:
(a) Evolution of gas:

In many chemical reactions, one of the product is a gas

Zn(s) + H2SO4(aq) ZnSO4(s) + H2(g)

(b) Change of colour

A certain chemical reaction is characterized by a change in the colour of the reactants.

Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)

(c) Formation of precipitates

Certain chemical reactions are characterized by the formation of an insoluble substance called precipitates.

AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) AgCl(ppt) + NaNO3(aq)

(d) Change of state
In many chemical reactions, a change of state is observed. The reaction might start with gaseous or liquid reactants and end with a solid product and vice-versa.

NH3(g) + HCl(g) NH4Cl(s)


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