State three causes of poverty.
The important causes of poverty include:
a) Poor state of agriculture: Agriculture in India has continued to be backward due to the use of primitive methods of production and fragmented small land holdings. As a result, labour and land productivity continue to be low in India. Consequently, most farmers live in poverty.
b) Low level of economic development: The Indian economy is highly underdeveloped due to the backwardness of the primary and industry sectors. Due to widespread bottlenecks in infrastructural facilities and slow pace of development, a large share of the population still lives in poverty.
c) Population explosion: Rapid growth of population, particularly among the poor, is responsible for the problem of poverty in the country. When the total income is thinly spread over a large number of people, the per capita income is bound to be low.