Question

Study the different conclusions drawn by students of a class on the basis of observations of preserved/available specimens of plants and animals.
I. Potato and sweet potato are analogous organs in plants.
II. Wings of insects and wings of birds are homologous organs in animals.
III. Wings of insects and wings of bats are analogous organs in animals.
IV. Thorns of citrus and tendrils of Cucurbita are analogous organs in plants.
The correct conclusions are

• A. I and II
• B. II and IV
• C. I and III
• D. III and IV

Answer 1

The correct option is C I and III

Homologous organs are those which have the same structure and perform a different function while analogous organs are those which have a different structure but perform the same function.
Potato and sweet potato both have the same function of food storage and thus are analogous organs.
Wings of an insect and wings of birds are analogous organs as both have the same function of flying but have a different embryonic origin.
Wings of an insect are thin and membranous while that of bat are modified structures with flaps of skin stretched between the bones of the fingers and arm but both are used for flying but they do not have common embryonic origin and thus they are considered as analogous structures.

Thorns of Citrus and tendrils of Cucurbita are homologous structures as both of them are modified stems but thorns provide protection to plants against predators while tendrils provide support plant for climbing.

So, the correct answer is option C.