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Question

The atomic number of sodium is 11. How many valence electrons does it have?

A
3
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B
9
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C
2
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D
1
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Solution

The correct option is D 1
The atomic number of sodium is 11, which means it has 11 electrons and 11 protons. We know that every shell has a different capacity of occupying electrons. The formula which gives the number of electrons that can accommodated in a shell = 2n2
1st shell can have 2×(1)2=2
2nd shell can have 2×(2)2=8
3rd shell can have 2×(3)2=18
As sodium has an atomic number of 11, the first and second shell will be filled and the third shell will have 1 electron. Valence electrons (VE) are the electrons in the outer shell of an atom. Hence sodium has 1 valence electron.

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