Question

The breakdown of complex organic matter into inorganic substances like carbon dioxide, water and nutrients is called

• A. Fragmentation
• B. Metabolism
• C. Decomposition
• D. Catabolism

Answer 1

The correct option is C Decomposition

Fragmentation :
Fragmentation is the breaking down detritus into smaller particles by detritivores such as earthworms, snails, millipedes, etc to increase its surface area for the enzymatic action of decomposing microbes.

Catabolism :
Catabolism refers to any biochemical reaction that helps in the breakdown of a complex compound into simpler ones.

Metabolism :
A sum total of all catabolic (breaking down) and anabolic (synthesising) biochemical reactions is referred to as metabolism.

Decomposition :
Decomposition is the process of breakdown of complex organic materials present in the dead decaying organic matter into simple inorganic compounds such as carbon dioxide, water and mineral nutrients. It is carried out by microscopic organisms such as bacteria, fungi, etc. Catabolism is one of the processes involved in the decomposition of organic matter.

Final answer :
(D) Decomposition