Question

The diagram below represents the 'Central Dogma' of molecular biology. Choose the correct combination of labeling.

• A. A = Protein, B = RNA, C = DNA, D = Translation, E = Transcription
• B. A = RNA, B = DNA, C = Protein, E = Transcription, D = Translation
• C. A = Translation, B = DNA, C = Protein, D = Transcription, E = RNA
• D. A = DNA, B = RNA, C = Protein, D = Transcription, E = Translation

Answer 1

Answer: (A)

A = Protein, B = RNA, C = DNA, D = Translation, E = Transcription

The central dogma of molecular biology says DNA, i.e., deoxyribonucleic acid is replicated first to form a copy of DNA. This process is known as DNA replication and is catalyzed by an enzyme called a DNA polymerase (DNA dependent DNA polymerase). This replicated DNA is then transcribed to form a mRNA (messenger RNA molecule). This process is referred to as transcription and this is carried out by an enzyme called RNA polymerase (DNA dependent RNA polymerase), finally, the mRNA is translated into a protein. This process is carried out by ribosomes where amino acids are incorporated. This process is known as translation. Francis Crick proposed this concept of central dogma in molecular biology which states that genetic information flows from DNA->RNA->protein.

Thus, the correct answer is 'A = Protein, B = RNA, C = DNA, D = Translation, E = Transcription'.