Question

The function of ATP synthase enzyme is that

• A. It uses energy to move ions against their concentration gradient by removing a phosphate group from ATP.
• B. It uses the power of ions moving against their concentration gradient to add a phosphate group to ADP.
• C. It uses the power of ions moving down their concentration gradient to add a phosphate group to ADP.
• D. It uses the power of ions moving against their concentration gradient to remove a phosphate group from ATP.
• E. It uses the power of ions moving down their concentration gradient to remove a phosphate group from ATP.

Answer 1

The correct option is C It uses the power of ions moving down their concentration gradient to add a phosphate group to ADP.

Electron transport chain includes the downhill flow of electrons to final electron acceptor through a chain of membrane-bound carriers to facilitate the uphill transport of protons across a proton-impermeable membrane. It produces proton gradient that drives transport of protons (ions) down the concentration gradient through Fo particles of ATP synthase. The proton-motive force that drives movement of protons (ions) provides the energy for ADP phosphorylation. Thus, the correct answer is option C.