The Gaussian surface for calculating the electric field due to a charge distribution is :

Any closed surface around the charge distribution.

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A cylindrical surface.

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A spherical surface.

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A closed surface at every point of which electric field has a normal component which is zero or a fixed value.

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Solution

The correct option is D A closed surface at every point of which electric field has a normal component which is zero or a fixed value.
We must take a surface such that we can able to find the electric field component perpendicular to the surface so that we can calculate the flux associated with the surface.

Therefore, option $(d)$ is the correct answer.

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