The growth of ampicillin resistant bacterial population (strain 1) infected by a virus declines as the virus enters lytic cycle. Then the virus undergoes lysogenic cycle and further remove themselves from bacterial genome during heat shock treatment to proteins. All the bacteria die after some time and only free virus now can grow. A second bacterial ampicillin sensitive population (strain 2) is the infected by this virus. Similarly the bacterial population decreases and ampicillin population rebounds.
Which of the following phenomenon is responsible for the development of ampicillin resistance by bacterial strain 2?

Evolution

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Speciation

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Conjugation

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Transformation

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Transduction

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Solution

The correct option is E Transduction

Transduction is the transfer of DNA (and therefore of new traits, such as resistance to an antibiotic) through viral infection. The bacteria are not a new species; they have simply acquired a new trait. Conjugation is the transfer of DNA between two different strains of bacteria and requires that the two different strains be mixed together at some point. This did not occur in the experiment. Transformation is a situation in which bacteria take up naked DNA from the environment; again, this did not occur here.

Transduction is the process by which DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another by a virus. It also refers to the process whereby foreign DNA is introduced into another cell via a viral vector.

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The growth of ampicillin resistant bacterial population (strain 1) infected by a virus declines as the virus enters lytic cycle. Then the virus undergoes lysogenic cycle and further remove themselves from bacterial genome during heat shock treatment to proteins. All the bacteria die after some time and only free virus now grow. A second bacterial ampicillin sensitive population (strain 2) is infected by this virus. Similarly, the bacterial population decreases and ampicillin population rebounds.

Which of the following explains the rapid growth of bacterial population as compared to human population?

The growth of ampicillin resistant bacterial population (strain 1) infected by a virus declines as the virus enters lytic cycle. Then the virus undergoes lysogenic cycle and further remove themselves from bacterial genome during heat shock treatment to proteins. All the bacteria die after some time and only free virus now grow. A second bacterial ampicillin sensitive population (strain 2) is the one infected by this virus. Similarly the bacterial population decreases and ampicillin population rebounds.

Which of the following increases genetic diversity in bacteria?

I. Conjugation

II. Transformation

III. Crossing over

Ampicillin-resistant bacterial population (Strain 1) is grown in a laboratory is infected with a virus. The virus initially goes through the lytic cycle and thus bacterial population begins to decline, then rebounds as the virus integrates
into the bacterial chromosome to begin the lysogenic cycle. The bacteria reproduce normally until they are heat-shocked. The virus removes itself from the bacterial genome and enter the lytic cycle because of the temperature is increasing rapidly. Within several hours all bacteria are dead and a free virus is found in high concentration in the bacterial growth medium. This free virus infects bacterial population that is sensitive to ampicillin (Strain 2). After the expected decrease and rebound of this bacterial population (as above), the rebounded population was found to be ampicillin-resistant. Oxygen is constantly infusing in bacterial culture to ensure a high rate of reproduction among the bacteria and a health.

Q. Bacterial resistance to antibiotic ampicillin can be due to presence of

Q. The process in which DNA of a bacterial cell is transferred into another bacterial cell by a virus is known as

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