The partially digested food coming from the stomach of a person enters a long and narrow organ A in his body. The organ A receives the secretions of two glands: liver and pancreas. The liver secretes a greenish-yellow liquid B which is normally stored in the organ C. Pancreas secretes pancreatic juice which contains three digestive enzymes D, E and F. The intestinal juice completes the process of digestion of food. The inner wall of organ A has millions of tiny finger-like projections G which help in the rapid absorption of digested food into the bloodstream. The undigested part of food then passes into wider tube H which absorbs most of the water from undigested food. The last part of tube H called I stores this undigested food (or waste) for some time. The undigested food is then passed out through opening J as faeces in the process known as K.
(a) Name the organ A.
(b) Name (I) liquid B, and (ii) organ C.
(c) What are the digestive enzymes D, E and F?
(d) Name the projections G present on the inner wall of organ A. (e) Name (i) tube H (ii) part I (iii) opening J, and (iv) process K

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Solution

(a) Small intestine (b) (i) Bile (ii) Gall bladder (c) Pancreatic amylase, Trypsin and Lipase (d) Villi (e) (i) Large intestine (ii) Rectum (iii) Anus (iv) Egestion

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Q. When a person puts food in his mouth, then teeth cut it into small pieces, chew and grind it. The glands A in the mouth secrete a substance B which is mixed with the food by tongue. The substance B contains an enzyme C which starts the digestion of food in the mouth. The slightly digested food from the mouth goes down a tube D. The special type of movements E in the walls of tube D push the food into stomach for further digestion. The stomach wall secretes gastric juice containing three substance F, G and H. One of the functions of F is to kill bacteria which may enter the stomach with food. The substance G protects the inside layer of stomach from the damaging effect of substance F whereas substance H is an enzyme for digestion. The partially digested food then enters into small intestine for further digestion.
(a) What is (i) gland A (ii) substance B, and (iii) enzyme C?
(b) Name the tube D.
(c) What is the movement E known as?
(d) What are (i) F (ii) G, and (iii) H?

The organisms A, B and C can obtain their food in three different ways. Organism A derives its food from the body of another living organism which is called its D, without killing it. The organism B takes in the solid food by the process of ingestion, digests a part of this food and throws out undigested food in the process called E. The organism C obtains its food from dead and decaying plants.

(a) What is the mode of nutrition of (i) organism A (ii) organism B, and (iii) organism C?
(b) What is the organism like D called?
(c) Name the process E.
(d) Give one example each of organisms like (i) A (ii) B, and (ii) C.
(e) What is the general name of three modes of nutrition exhibited by organisms A, B and C?

Q. Which of the following organs of the digestive system stores the undigested food?

Q. Observe the diagram of the human digestive system. The labels (i) to (iv) represent the different parts of the digestive system. Match the correct part of the digestive system in column I to its corresponding function in column II.

Column I	Column II
i	a) Increases the efficiency of lipase enzyme action
ii	b) Responsible for absorption of more water from undigested food
iii	c) Stores bile
iv	d) Digestion of food is taken care of by gastric glands present here

Write the answers:

(a) Name some organ systems in the human body.

(b) Name the organs of the digestive system.

(d) Name the juices which help to digest food in the small intestine.

(e) Which organs help in the function of respiration?

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