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Question

The second maturation division of the mammalian ovum occurs:

A
Shortly after ovulation before the ovum makes entry into the fallopian tube
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B
Until after the ovum has been penetrated by a sperm
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C
Until the nucleus of the sperm has fused with that of the ovum
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D
In the Graafian follicle following the first maturation division
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Solution

The correct option is B Until after the ovum has been penetrated by a sperm
Oogenesis starts with the division of oogonia (gamete mother cells) giving rise to primary oocyte which enters into prophase I of the meiotic division and gets primarily arrested at this stage. these primary oocyte gets surrounded by primary, secondary and tertiary follicles respectively. The tertiary follicle grows in size and completes its first meiotic division to give rise to the haploid secondary oocyte. The secondary oocyte forms a new membrane called zona pellucida surrounding it. During fertilisation the sperm enters into the cytoplasm of the ovum through the zona pellucida and the plasma membrane. This induces the completion of the meiotic division (2nd division) of the secondary oocyte. The second meiotic division is also unequal and results in the formation of a second polar body and a haploid ovum.

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