Question

What are biomes? Explain its different types.

Answer 1

In some regions on earth, a large area has same climate and abiotic factors. The living organisms in those area are also similar. So a specific ecosystem develops in a vast area. Such large ecosystems are called 'Biomes'. These biomes contain many small ecosystems.

Two types of biomes are found on the earth:

1. Land biomes – The biomes which exist only on land are called land biomes. Due to unequal distribution of abiotic factors different types of ecosystems exist. Eg. Grasslands, evergreen forests, deserts, ice land ecosystem, ecosystems in Taiga, tropical rainforests, etc.
2. Aquatic biomes – 71 % of the earth surface is covered by water and only 29 % has land on it. Therefore, study of aquatic biomes becomes very important. According to the area, aquatic biomes are widespread. Types of aquatic ecosystems are – Freshwater ecosystem, marine ecosystem.