Question

What do you understand by the term resistance ?

Answer 1

Resistance (R) is the obstruction offered to the flow of current by a conductor. It is a scalar quantity.
Resistance is defined as the proportionality constant in Ohm's Law

which says potential difference across a conductor is directly proportional to current

$V$ $\alpha$ $I$

$V=IR$

Where $R$ is proportionality constant called as Resistance of conductor and is measured in Ohms $\Omega$.