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Question

What factors could lead to the rise of a new species?


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Solution

Species: A species is a group of organisms in which the mating of two opposite gender produce fertile offspring.

Speciation: Speciation is the formation of new species from pre-existing species.

The factors that could lead rise of a new species:

a. Natural selection

  • Some organisms in the population have traits that help them in surviving in odd environmental conditions. Such organisms are considered as fit by the nature.
  • Reproductively fit organisms can produce more progeny and hence they are selected by nature over other organisms of the same species.
  • Natural selection causes alteration of the gene frequencies.

b. Genetic drift:

  • Genetic drift is the alteration of gene frequencies that occurs because of chance events in a population.
  • The genetic drift causes the accumulation of differences between the two groups of the population.

c. Geographical isolation:

  • Geographical isolation is a process where a physical barrier forms a reproductive barrier between the members of the same species.
  • The physical barrier can be a large water body or a huge mountain.
  • As a result of geographical isolation, two different species are formed as they undergo different types of evolution.

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