What happens when:
(i) sodium metal is dropped in water?
(ii) sodium metal is heated in free supply of air?
(iii) sodium peroxide dissolves in water?

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Solution

(i) When sodium metal is dropped in water, an exothermic reaction occurs due to which the evolved hydrogen gas catches fire.
$2 N a (s) + 2 H_{2} O (l) \to 2 N a O H (a q) + H_{2}$
(ii) sodium metal is heated in free supply of air to form sodium peroxide and sodium oxide.
$2 N a (s) + O_{2} (g) \to N a_{2} O (s)$ minor product
$N a_{2} O_{2} (s) + 2 H_{2} O (l) \to 2 N a O H (a q) + H_{2} O_{2} (l)$
(iii) sodium peroxide dissolves in water to form hydrogen peroxide.
$N a_{2} O_{2} (s) + 2 H_{2} O (l) \to 2 N a O H (a q) + H_{2} O_{2} (l)$

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