Question

What is menstrual cycle? Which hormones regulate menstrual cycle?

Answer 1

The menstrual cycle is the female reproductive cycle characterized by cyclic changes in the uterine lining. Menstrual cycle is regulated by gonadotropins secreted by anterior pituitary (FSH and LH). FSH stimulates growth, development and hormonal secretion of Graafian follicle and ovum maturation. LH stimulates maturation of Graafian follicle and LH surge between 12 to 14 days of cycle stimulates rupture of Graafian follicle and release of ovum i.e. ovulation. Gonadotropins also stimulate developing follicles to secrete progesterone and estrogen which in turn prepare the uterus for implantation and exert negative feedback regulation on the secretion of gonadotropins after ovulation.