What is oxidation sate and How MnO4 has 5 as it's valence factor?
What is oxidation sate and How MnO4 has 5 as it's valence factor?
Oxidation number, also called Oxidation State, the total number of electrons that an atom either gains or loses in order to form a chemical bond with another atom.
Each atom that participates in an oxidation-reduction reaction (q.v.) is assigned an oxidation number that reflects its ability to acquire, donate, or share electrons. The iron ion Fe3+, for example, has an oxidation number of +3 because it can acquire three electrons to form a chemical bond, while the oxygen ion O2− has an oxidation number of −2 because it can donate two electrons. In an electronically neutral substance, the sum of the oxidation numbers is zero; for example, in hematite(Fe2O3) the oxidation number of the two iron atoms (+6 in total) balances the oxidation number of the three oxygen atoms (−6).
Oxygen has a (-2) oxidation state in these compounds. So, you're dealing with
- the permanganate ion, MnO4
Here, the ion has an overall (1-) charge, which means that the oxidation numbers of all the atoms that make up the permanganate ion must add up to give −1.
This means that you have - do not forget that you have four oxygen atoms in the permanganate ion!
ONMn+4×ONoxygen=−1
ONMn=−1−4×(−2)
ONMn=−1+8=+7
In the permanganate anion, manganese has a (+7) oxidation state. It is not +5
Oxidation number, also called Oxidation State, the total number of electrons that an atom either gains or loses in order to form a chemical bond with another atom.
Each atom that participates in an oxidation-reduction reaction (q.v.) is assigned an oxidation number that reflects its ability to acquire, donate, or share electrons. The iron ion Fe3+, for example, has an oxidation number of +3 because it can acquire three electrons to form a chemical bond, while the oxygen ion O2− has an oxidation number of −2 because it can donate two electrons. In an electronically neutral substance, the sum of the oxidation numbers is zero; for example, in hematite(Fe2O3) the oxidation number of the two iron atoms (+6 in total) balances the oxidation number of the three oxygen atoms (−6).
Oxygen has a (-2) oxidation state in these compounds. So, you're dealing with
- the permanganate ion, MnO4
Here, the ion has an overall (1-) charge, which means that the oxidation numbers of all the atoms that make up the permanganate ion must add up to give −1.
This means that you have - do not forget that you have four oxygen atoms in the permanganate ion!
ONMn+4×ONoxygen=−1
ONMn=−1−4×(−2)
ONMn=−1+8=+7
In the permanganate anion, manganese has a (+7) oxidation state. It is not +5
