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Question

What is the significance of meiosis? How does meiosis differ from mitosis?

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Solution

Meiosis is the process by which sexually reproducing organisms make their sex cells, sperm and eggs. During meiosis, a specialized cell called a germ cell splits to make four new sex cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the original germ cell. Each of the four sex cells has a unique combination of DNA, meaning no two sperm or eggs are genetically identical.
Criteria Mitosis Meiosis
Type of Reproduction AsexualSexual
Number of Divisions OneTwo
Number of Daughter Cells produced 2 diploid cells4 haploid cells
Chromosome Number Remains the sameReduced to half

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