Question

What were the Conclusions drawn from Rutherford's experiment of $\mathrm{\alpha }$-Particles scattering by a gold foil ?

Answer 1

The Conclusions drawn from Rutherford's experiment of $\mathrm{\alpha }$-Particles scattering by a gold foil are as follows -

1. Most of the space inside the atom is Empty. Therefore, most of the $\mathrm{\alpha }$-particles went through the Gold Foil without deflecting from their path
2. There is a positive tiny part in the atom in its center, which deflects or repel the $\mathrm{\alpha }$-particles. This must be containing the whole mass of the atom. Moreover, this mass must be occupying a very small space within the atom because only a few $\mathrm{\alpha }$-particles suffered large deflections. This positively charged heavy mass at the center of the atom is called the Nucleus.
3. The $\mathrm{\alpha }$-particles get deflected from their normal path when they came close to the nucleus due to the force of repulsion
4. the deflections of the $\mathrm{\alpha }$-particles to large angles indicate that the $\mathrm{\alpha }$-particles had direct collision with the positively charged nucleus.