When the material P mined from the earth is processed, a black solid Q is produced which consists mainly of carbon. When another material R obtained from trees is heated in an insufficient supply of air, it produces another solid fuel S which also consists mainly of carbon. Name P, Q, R and S.

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Solution

$P$ : Coal (mined from the Earth)
$Q$ : Coke (solid, consists mainly of carbon, produced during coal processing)
$R$ : Wood (obtained from trees)
$S$ : Charcoal (consists mainly of carbon)

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Q. When the material A mined from the earth is heated strongly in an insufficient supply of air, it produces a solid fuel B which consists mainly of carbon. When another material C obtained from trees is heated in an insufficient supply of air, it produces another solid fuel D which also consists mainly of carbon. Name A, B, C and D

Q. Which gas is produced when a fuel burns in
(a) sufficient supply of air
(b) insufficient supply of air.

A hard material X which is mined from the earth is used as a household fuel and also for the generation of electricity at Thermal Power Stations. A soft material Y is also used as a fuel in the form of candles. A gaseous material Z which occurs along with petroleum is increasingly being used as a fuel in running vehicles in its compressed form.
(a) What are the materials, X, Y and Z?
(b) When materials X, Y and Z are burned separately:
(i) Which material burns by producing a yellow, luminous flame?
(ii) Which material ultimately burns without producing a flame?
(iii) Which material can burn in a gas stove by producing a blue flame?

An orange solid (A) on heating gives a green residue (B), a colorless gas (C) and water vapour. Another metal (M), giving brick red colour to Bunsen flame, mainly occurs in the form of its carbonate in the earth crust. When this metal carbonate is heated, it decomposes producing a compound (N) and

C O_{2}

gas.

Compound (N), when reacted with coke at high temperatures, produce an industrially important compound (O). Compound (O) combines with gas (C) producing a mixture, which acts as a fertilizer. A component of this mixture contains an anion which is isoelectronic and isostructural with

C O_{2}

gas.Gas (C) is also produced along with water vapour on heating a colourless salt (P). When either (A) or (P) is heated with NaOH solution, a colourless gas (Q) is evolved and on passing this gas through an alkaline solution of potassiumtetraiodidomercurate(II) solution, a reddish brown precipitate is formed.

The hydrocarbon produced on the reaction of the compound (O) with

H_{2} O

is :

In a solid, heat is transferred mainly by the process of :

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When the material P mined from the earth is processed, a black solid Q is produced which consists mainly of carbon. When another material R obtained from trees is heated in an insufficient supply of air, it produces another solid fuel S which also consists mainly of carbon. Name P, Q, R and S.

P: Coal (mined from the Earth)Q: Coke (solid, consists mainly of carbon, produced during coal processing)R: Wood (obtained from trees)S: Charcoal (consists mainly of carbon)

$P$ : Coal (mined from the Earth)
$Q$ : Coke (solid, consists mainly of carbon, produced during coal processing)
$R$ : Wood (obtained from trees)
$S$ : Charcoal (consists mainly of carbon)