Which of the following are states of matter?
Which of the following are states of matter?
The correct option is D Plasma
As you already know, all four of them are states of matter.
Solid
In a solid, the particles (ions, atoms or molecules) are closely packed together. The forces between the particles are so strong that the particles cannot move freely but can only vibrate. As a result, a solid has a stable, definite shape, and a definite volume. Solids can change their shape only when a strong enough external force is applied, which might break or cut the solid.
Liquid
A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure. The volume is definite if the temperature and pressure are constant.
Gas
In a gas, the molecules have enough kinetic energy, so that the effect of intermolecular forces is small (or zero for an ideal gas), and the typical distance between neighbouring molecules is much greater than the molecular size. A gas has no definite shape or volume but occupies the entire container in which it is confined. A liquid may be converted to a gas by heating at constant pressure to the boiling point, or else by reducing the pressure at constant temperature.
Plasma
Like a gas, plasma does not have definite shape or volume. Unlike gases, plasmas are electrically conductive, produce magnetic fields and electric currents, and respond strongly to electromagnetic forces. Positively charged nuclei swim in a "sea" of freely-moving disassociated electrons, similar to the way such charges exist in a conductive metal. In fact, it is this electron "sea" that allows matter in the plasma state to conduct electricity.
But is there a fifth one? Yes, there is.
Bose - Einstein condensate
The fifth state refers to BEC (Bose - Einstein condensate) in which when an element is cooled to a very very very low temperature (near to 0 K) where its atoms lose their identity and behave like a single atom.
Plasma
As you already know, all four of them are states of matter.
Solid
In a solid, the particles (ions, atoms or molecules) are closely packed together. The forces between the particles are so strong that the particles cannot move freely but can only vibrate. As a result, a solid has a stable, definite shape, and a definite volume. Solids can change their shape only when a strong enough external force is applied, which might break or cut the solid.
Liquid
A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure. The volume is definite if the temperature and pressure are constant.
Gas
In a gas, the molecules have enough kinetic energy, so that the effect of intermolecular forces is small (or zero for an ideal gas), and the typical distance between neighbouring molecules is much greater than the molecular size. A gas has no definite shape or volume but occupies the entire container in which it is confined. A liquid may be converted to a gas by heating at constant pressure to the boiling point, or else by reducing the pressure at constant temperature.
Plasma
Like a gas, plasma does not have definite shape or volume. Unlike gases, plasmas are electrically conductive, produce magnetic fields and electric currents, and respond strongly to electromagnetic forces. Positively charged nuclei swim in a "sea" of freely-moving disassociated electrons, similar to the way such charges exist in a conductive metal. In fact, it is this electron "sea" that allows matter in the plasma state to conduct electricity.
But is there a fifth one? Yes, there is.
Bose - Einstein condensate
The fifth state refers to BEC (Bose - Einstein condensate) in which when an element is cooled to a very very very low temperature (near to 0 K) where its atoms lose their identity and behave like a single atom.
