Which of the following compound(s) would evolve $C O_{2}$ when treated with $N a H C O_{3}$ solution?

Salicyclic acid

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Phenol

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Benzoic acid

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4-Nitrobenzoic acid

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Solution

The correct option is D 4-Nitrobenzoic acid
Carboxylic acid also reacts with weaker bases such as carbonate/bicarbonate and releases $C O_{2}$ . This is used to detect the carboxylic group in an organic compound. This is known as carbonate/bicarbonate test.
Generally, those compounds which are more acidic than phenol give carbonate/bicarbonate test.
Phenol does not decompose sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate, i.e, $C O_{2}$ is not evolved, as phenol is a weaker acid than carbonic acid. Thus compound (b) will not evolve $C O_{2}$ when treated with $N a H C O_{3}$ solution.
Correct option(s) are (a),(c) and (d)

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