Question

Which of the following factor(s) will affect the solubility of a gaseous solute in a fixed volume of a liquid solvent?

$a$: nature of solute

$b$: temperature

$c$: pressure

• A. (c) only
• B. (b) and (c) only
  
  
• C. (a) and (c) at constant $T$
  
  
• D. (a) and (b) at constant $P$
  
  

Answer 1

Answer: (C), (D)

(a) and (b) at constant $P$

Factor affecting the dissolution of gases in liquid

1. Temperature: As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the gas particles increases. Due to the increase in the kinetic energy of the gas particles, they can easily escape, which results in a low concentration of gases in the liquid. So, lower temperatures favour the dissolution of gases in liquid.
2. Pressure: As pressure increases, the gaseous particles come closer, which increases the collision frequency. So, due to the increase in the collision frequency, the solubility of the gas in liquid increases. Hence, a high pressure condition is favourable for a greater concentration of gases in liquid.
3. Nature of solute: The higher the solute-solvent interaction, the more will be the dissolution of the solute. As we know, like dissolves like. So, polar solutes are more soluble in polar solvents, while non-polar solutes are more soluble in non-polar solvent

Analysing the options

$\left(A\right)$

When the temperature is constant, the solubility of gas in liquid depends on the pressure and nature of solvent.

$\left(B\right)$:

When the pressure is constant, the solubility of gas in liquid depends on the temperature and nature of solvent.

$\left(C\right)$:

The solubility of a gas in a liquid depends upon the nature of the solute in addition to temperature and pressure.

$\left(D\right)$

The solubility of a gas in a liquid depends upon the nature of the solute and temperature in addition to pressure.

Hence, options (A) and (B) are correct.