The correct option is D Escherichia coli
Genetic engineering is a branch of science which uses a set of biotechnology techniques and knowledge of cytology and genetics to bring modifications to an organism's genome. For such research, scientists need to store and modify the genes and genetic information from wide range of organisms into organisms that can be easy to transform. Bacteria more commonly Escherichia coli is used to transform and create the genetically modified bacteria as this can be transformed and stored easily for indefinite periods at -80 C and replicate the modified DNA in short time period.