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Question

Which of the following reaction will provide maximum voltage?
Given:
Zn2+(aq)+2eZn(s); E0=0.76 V
Cu2+(aq)+2eCu(s); E0=0.34 V
Ag+(aq)+eAg(s); E0=0.80 V
2H+(aq)+2eH2(g); E0=0 V
Ni2+(aq)+2eNi(s); E0=0.25 V

A
Zn(s)+Cu2+(aq)Cu(s)+Zn2+(aq)
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B
Zn(s)+2Ag+(aq)2Ag(s)+Zn2+(aq)
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C
H2(g)+Cu2+(aq)2H+(aq)+Cu(s)
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D
H2(g)+Ni2+(aq)2H+(aq)+Ni(s)
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Solution

The correct option is B Zn(s)+2Ag+(aq)2Ag(s)+Zn2+(aq)

Standard reduction potentials (SRP) of the half cell electrodes are calculated and arranged in a series of increasing order which is known as electrochemical series.
The standard electrode potential of H+/H2 couple is zero.

Here, a negative E0 signifies that it has high tendency to get oxidised and the redox couple is a stronger reducing agent than the H+/H2 couple.

A positive E0 signifies that it has high tendency to get reduced and the redox couple is a stronger oxidising agent than the H+/H2 couple.

Electrochemical series helps in the selection of electrode assemblies to construct the galvanic cells of desired EMFs.

For a galvanic cell to provide high cell voltage, the half cell having higher reduction potential and lower reduction potential should be connected.

In the given half cell reactions,
Ag+(aq)+eAg(s);(Highest value)
Zn2+(aq)+2eZn(s);(Lowest value)

Hence, cell reaction providing maximum voltage will be
Zn(s)+2Ag+(aq)2Ag(s)+Zn2+(aq)


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