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Question

Which of the following statements related to VA group hydrides are true?
I. Reducing property increases from NH3 to BiH3
.
II. Tendency to donate lone pair decreases from NH3 to BiH3
.
III. Ease of replacing H with Cl decreases from NH3 to BiH3
IV. Ease of formation of hydrides decreases from NH3 to BiH3

A
I, II, III and IV
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B
I, III and IV
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C
I, II and IV
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D
I and IV
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Solution

The correct option is A I, II, III and IV
The hydrides show regular gradation in their properties.
The stability of hydrides decreases from NH3 to BiH3 due to increase in bond length between two atoms Down the group size increases and overlap decreases so the bond strength increases. Hence their bond dissociation enthalpy decreases.
Consequently, the reducing character of the hydrides increases.
Ammonia is only a mild reducing agent while BiH3 is the strongest reducing agent amongst all the hydrides. Basicity also decreases in the order NH3>PH3>AsH3>SbH3>BiH3.
Down the group size increases and the lone pair got stabilized on the big surface area of atom.
Down the group the basicity decreases and hence the ease of replacing H with Cl decreases.

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