Dear Student,
Characteristics of energy transfer in an ecosystem:
•In a food chain, only 10 % of the energy passes on from one trophic level to the another level and the rest is lost as heat to the environment (10% law of energy).
•The first tropic level (producers) obtains the maximum energy and it keeps on decreasing while moving to the higher tropic levels, i.e, primary consumer level and lastly the tertiary consumer level.
Regards.