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Question

You are given many resistors, capacitors and inductors. These are connected to a variable DC voltage source (the first two circuits) or an AC voltage source of 50 Hz frequency (the next three circuits) in different ways as shown in Column II. When a current I (steady state for DC or rms for AC) flows through the circuit, the corresponding voltages V1 and V2 (indicated in circuits) are related as shown in Column I. Match the two columns.
Column I Column II

i. I0,V1
is proportional to I
a.
ii. I0,V2>V1 b.
iii. V1=0,V2=V c.
iv. I0,V2
is proportional to I
d.
e.

A
i - c,d,e ; ii - b,c,d,e ; iii - a,b ; iv - b,c,d,e
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B
i - c,d,e ; ii - b,c,e ; iii - a,b ; iv - b,c,d,e
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C
i - c,d ; ii - b,d,e ; iii - a,b ; iv - b,d,e
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D
i - c,e ; ii - b,c,d,e ; iii - a,b ; iv - b,c,e
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Solution

The correct option is A i - c,d,e ; ii - b,c,d,e ; iii - a,b ; iv - b,c,d,e
(a) In this case, steady state current is zero (I=0) because of the presence of capacitor. Entire potential will be across capacitor in steady state. Hence V1=0 and V2=V .

(b) In steady state, V1=0, so V2=V. Also, V2 is proportional to I.

(c) XL=ωL=2πfL=2π×50×6×103
=1.885 Ω
R=2 Ω
Since R>XL, so V2>V1
Here I0
V1 and V2 both are proportional to I

(d) XL=1.885 Ω
XC=1ωC=12πfC
=12π×50×3×106=1061 Ω
Hence XC>XL, so V2>V1

(e) XC=1.061 kΩ,R=1 kΩ
XC>R, so V2>V1

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