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Question

An object of mass 100 kg is accelerated uniformly from a velocity of 5 m/s to 8 m/s in 6 s. Calculate the initial and final momentum of the object. Also, find the magnitude of the force exerted on the object.


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Solution

Step (1) Given:

The initial velocity of the object, u=5m/s

The final velocity of the object, v=8m/s

Mass of the object, m=100kg

Time taken by the object to accelerate, t=6s

Step (2) Finding the initial momentum of the object:

We know that momentum, p=mv where m is the mass of the object and v is the velocity of the object.

Initial momentum =mu=100×5

mu=500kgm/s

Step (3) Finding the final momentum of the object:

Final momentum =mv=100×8

mv=800kgm/s

Step (4) Finding the force exerted on the object:

Let us calculate the Force exerted on the object (F)

We know that the force applied to an object is equal to the rate of change of its momentum.

F=(mvmu)tF=(800500)6F=3006F=50N

Initial momentum of the object is 500 kg m s-1.

The final momentum of the object is 800 kg m s-1.

Force exerted on the object is 50 N


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