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Question

Describe condensation polymer and addition polymers.


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Solution

Polymerization:

  • The process of joining several tiny molecules to form a single macromolecule is known as polymerization.
  • Small molecules called monomers are the building components of polymers.
  • According to the sorts of processes involved, polymerization may be divided into two categories: condensation polymerization and addition polymerization.
  • The primary distinction between addition and condensation polymerization is that while in addition polymerization, polymers are created by the addition of monomers without any by-products, in condensation polymerization, polymers are created by the condensation of multiple monomers, which produce by-products like HCl, water, ammonia, and other small molecules.

Condensation polymerization:

  • Repetitive condensation reactions between two distinct tri- or bi-functional monomeric units lead to the creation of condensation polymers.
  • Small molecules like alcohol, water, hydrogen chloride, etc. are removed in this kind of reaction.
  • Examples include terylene (dacron), nylon 6, and nylon 6.
  • The condensation of (C6H16N2) hexamethylene diamine with (C6H10O4) adipic acid results in the formation of nylon 6, 6.

Addition polymerization:

  • The repetitive addition of monomer molecules with triple or double bonds results in the creation of addition polymers.
  • As two examples, consider the synthesis of ((C2H4)n) polythene from (C2H4) ethene and ((C3H6)n) polypropene from (C3H6) propene.
  • A homopolymer is an addition polymer that results from the polymerization of a single polymeric component. Eg: polythene (C2H4)n.
  • A copolymer is an addition polymer that is created from two distinct monomers during addition polymerization. Eg: Buna-N, Buna-S, etc.
Explain the preparation of Buna - N with equation.

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