Question

Define the Kharasch effect.

Answer 1

Kharasch effect:

• Kharasch effect is also called anti- Markovnikov's rule and peroxide effect.
• According to this rule, in an unsymmetrical alkene when the addition of halogen acid ($\mathrm{HX}$) takes place in the presence of peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide (${\mathrm{C}}_{14}{\mathrm{H}}_{10}{\mathrm{O}}_4$), then the negative part of the halogen acid is attached to that carbon atom which is double bonded as well have the more number of hydrogen atoms.

For example:

$$\begin{gathered} {\mathrm{CH}}_3-\mathrm{CH}={\mathrm{CH}}_2+\mathrm{HBr}\stackrel{{\mathrm{C}}_{14}{\mathrm{H}}_{10}{\mathrm{O}}_4}{\to }{\mathrm{CH}}_3-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-\mathrm{Br} \\ \mathrm{Propene}\mathrm{Hydrogen}1-\mathrm{bromo}\mathrm{propane} \\ \mathrm{bromide} \end{gathered}$$