Question

Define muscular force, electrostatic force, and gravitational force. Give one example of each.

Answer 1

1 Muscular force :

1.1. The force applied by the action of muscles in our body is termed as a muscular force.

1.2. For example, when you pick up a book placed on the table using your hands, you apply muscular force.

2 Gravitational force :

2.1 The force that acts between any two mass bodies in the universe is called gravitational force.

2.2 The magnitude of gravitational force is given by Newton's law of gravitation.

$$\begin{gathered} F_g=G\frac{m_1{m}_2}{r^2} \\ whereGisuniversalgravitationalcons\tan tandhasvalue6.67\times {10}^{-11}N{m}^{2}k{g}^{-2} \\ {m}_{1}and{m}_{2}arethetwomasses \\ risthedis\tan cebetweenthecentresoftwomasses. \end{gathered}$$

2.3 It is a non-contact and central force.

For example, an apple falling from a tree branch towards the ground is due to gravitational force.

3 Electrostatic force :

3.1 The electrostatic force is the force that exists either between the two charged bodies or between a charged and an uncharged body.

3.2 The magnitude of the electrostatic force is given by Coulomb's law

$$\begin{gathered} F_e=K\frac{q_1{q}_2}{r^2}whereKiselectrostaticforcecons\tan tahdhasvalue9\times {10}^{9}N{m}^2{C}^{-2} \\ {q}_{1}and{q}_{2}arethetwocharges \\ andristhedis\tan cebetweenthecentreoftwocharges. \end{gathered}$$

3.3 It is a non-contact and central force.

For example, the charged scale attracts the pieces of paper by a non-contact force known as electrostatic force.