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Question

Give the definition of pure substances and mixtures?


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Solution

Pure substances:

  • Pure substances are defined as substances that are made of only one type of atom or only one type of molecule.
  • All the constituent particles of a substance are the same in their chemical nature.
  • For example, element and compound.

Properties of pure substances:

  • Pure substances are mostly homogeneous.
  • These substances mainly have a constant or similar composition throughout.
  • The substances have fixed boiling and melting points.

Mixture:

  • A mixture is an impure substance.
  • A mixture consists of molecules of two or more substances in any proportions such that they do not undergo any chemical change.
  • A mixture does not have any specific property of its own.
  • For example, air, muddy water, tap water, etc.

The mixture is of two types: homogeneous and heterogeneous.

Homogeneous mixture:

  • A mixture is said to be homogeneous if its constituents are uniformly mixed and it has the same properties throughout.
  • The constituents of a homogeneous mixture cannot be easily separated.
  • For example, the air is a homogeneous mixture of different gases.

Heterogeneous mixture:

  • A mixture is said to be heterogeneous if its constituents are not uniformly mixed and it does not have the same properties
  • The constituents of a heterogeneous mixture can be separated.
  • Muddy water, seawater, orange juice with pulp, and milk are heterogeneous mixtures.

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