Question

Describe the structure and function of the Golgi apparatus.

Answer 1

Golgi Apparatus:

1. The Golgi Complex is also known as the Golgi Apparatus.
2. The majority of this membrane-bound organelle is composed of flat, stacked pouches called cisternae.
3. This cellular organelle's duties include moving proteins and lipids to specific locations and modifying them.
4. The Golgi apparatus, which is found in the cytoplasm of cells, is present in both plant and animal cells.

Structure of Golgi apparatus:

1. Cisternae, which are five to eight cup-shaped chambers, make up the Golgi body.
2. The Golgi apparatus is made up of Cisternae, or flattened, stacked, disk-shaped pouches.
3. A Golgi stack typically has four to eight cisternae.
4. Some protists, however, have up to 60 cisterns.
5. 40–100 stacks of cisternae can be found in a mammalian cell.
6. Animal cells typically have 10 to 20 golgi stacks.

Functions of Golgi apparatus:

1. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for protein packaging and secretion.
2. The endoplasmic reticulum is where it gets its proteins from.
3. It transfers it to numerous locations, including lysosomes, the plasma membrane, and secretion, by placing it in membrane-bound vesicles.
4. Additionally, they support the growth of lysosomes and lipid transport.
5. Phosphorylation, glycosylation, and other post-translational modifications happen nearby the membrane surface in Golgi bodies.
6. The Golgi apparatus produces several glycolipids, sphingomyelin, and other proteins.
7. The complex polysaccharides that make up the cell wall of plant cells are produced by the Golgi apparatus.

Diagram: