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Question

What is the difference Between Metals, Insulators, and Semiconductors on the basis of their energy bands?


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Solution

The points of differences between metals, insulators, and semiconductors are as follows:

Metal

Insulator

Semiconductor

  • Metals are the substances that are naturally found below the earth.
  • Insulators are poor conductor of heat and electricity.
  • A substance that holds the property of both conductor and insulators are known as semiconductors.
  • The conduction band in metals is either filled or partially filled while the valence band is partially empty.
  • The electrons move from low energy to high energy where they behave as free electrons.

  • The valence band is completely filled while the conduction band is partially filled.
  • The valence band is completely filled while the conduction band is empty in the case of semiconductors.
  • There is no forbidden gap in the case of metals.
  • As a result there is large energy gap.
  • This results in low gap in energy bands.


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