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Question

Draw a labeled diagram to show how an electromagnet is made.


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Solution

  1. In an electromagnet, a soft iron core is wrapped with wire of copper insulation.
  2. The wire is connected to a battery and a current is passed through it
  3. The electromagnet works on the principle of the magnetic effect of electric current
  4. When no current is passed through a wire the atoms in the electric core are randomly arranged and cancel out each other's magnetic field
  5. Therefore there is a net-zero magnetic field when no current is passed through the wire
  6. When an electric current is passed through a wire the atoms of the iron core orient themselves such that they point in the same direction
  7. This individual magnetic field when aligned produces a strong magnetic field in the iron core
  8. As the current is increased the magnetic field in the iron core increases reaching a saturation point after some point.
  9. Electromagnets are used in loudspeakers and generators.
  10. Given below is a diagram of an electromagnet.


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