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Question

During electrolysis of brine, a gas ‘G’ is liberated at anode. When this gas ‘G’ is passed through slaked lime, a compound ‘C’ is formed, which is used for disinfecting drinking water.

(iii) What is common name of compound ‘C’? Give its chemical name.


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Solution

Brine: Brine is a very concentrated salt solution in water. In various applications, brine may refer to salt solutions with concentrations ranging from around 3.5 percent to roughly 26 percent.

Electrolysis of Brine solution:

  • The electrolysis of brine solution, which is a solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) and Water (H2O), is a large-scale method utilized in the production of chlorine from Water.
  • Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and Hydrogen (H2) are the two most essential compounds produced during the electrolysis of brine solution.
  • The chlorine (Cl2) and sodium hydroxide created during the procedure must be separated before reacting and forming another chemical.
  • The chemical reaction which occurs at the negative cathode electrode:
    2H+(aq)+2eH2(g)
  • Other equations for the reactions at the negative terminal:
    2H2O(aq)+2eH2(g)+2OH(aq)
  • The reactions which occur at the positive terminal i.e. anode are:
    Cl2(aq)2Cl(aq)+2e
  • Other equations for the reactions at the positive terminal:
    Na+(aq)+OH(aq)NaOH(aq)
  • When Chlorine is passed through slaked lime, CaOCl2is formed as shown below:

Ca(OH)2(l)Slakedlime+Cl2(g)ChlorineCaOCl2(l)Calciumhypochlorite+H2O(l)Water

  • Thus, the compound ‘C’ is CaOCl2
  • The common name of this compound is Bleaching powder.
  • Its chemical name is Calcium Hypochlorite.
  • It is used in the textile sector as a bleaching agent for cotton and linen, as well as for bleaching unclean garments in the laundry.
  • Because it is a powerful oxidising agent, it is utilised as an oxidizer in a variety of sectors.

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