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Question

  1. Explain the hybridization ofClF3

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Solution

Hybridization of Chlorine trifluoride

Chlorine trichloride is an interhalogen compound .

  1. Molecular formula: ClF3
  2. Hybridization: sp3d
  3. Geometry: Trigonal bipyramidal
  4. Shape: T- Shaped

Explanation:

  • The valence electronic configuration of chlorine atom is 3s2,3px2,3py2,3pz1,3d.
  • Electronic configuration of Chlorine atom in excited state: 3s2,3px2,3py1,3pz1,3d1.
  • Now three fluorine atom combines with 3py1,3pz1,3d1.orbital of chlorine atom to form 3 bond pairs and the filled orbital 3s2,3px2 consists of lone pairs, forming sp3d hybridized orbitals.
  • The lone pair occupies equatorial position because at equatorial position % s character is high, and fluorine atom occupies axial position having less % s character.

Structure and Geometry:

The two lone pair of electron exhibit repulsion to the bond pair which causes unsymmetrical charge distribution around the chlorine atom. The bond angle between F-Cl-F is 175°.

Hence, Chlorine trifloride shows sp3d hybridization with geometry trigonal bipyramidal.


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