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Question

Explain the metallic character of group-14 elements.


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Solution

The metallic character of group 14 elements increases moving from top to button as the electron's tendency to move becomes easier.

Group-14 elements -

  1. Group 14 elements in the periodic table consist of CarbonC, SiliconSi, GermaniumGe, TinSn, and LeadPb. This group is known as the Carbon family.
  2. The 14 group element contains four electrons in their outermost energy level.

Metallic Characteristics of Group-14 elements

Chemical Science: Group 14 - Carbon Family
  1. Among them, Carbon and silicon are non-metals.
  2. Germanium is metalloid in nature
  3. Tin and lead are metal.

Reason for different metallic characteristics

  1. The metallic character increases down the group from carbon to lead as nonmetal to metal.
  2. The metallic character increase because atomic size increases from Carbon to Lead.
  3. As size increases, the ionization potential decreases down the group.
  4. A decrease in ionization potential lead to an increase in the electropositive character of the element.

Hence, the metallic character increases down the group in group-14 as ionization potential decrease to make it easier to lose an electron and increase the metallic character.


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