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Question

Explain the principle of inelastic collision.


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Solution

Step 1: Principle of Inelastic Collision:

  1. The type of collision in which there is a loss of kinetic energy is called an inelastic collision.
  2. This kinetic energy is transformed into other forms of energy like thermal energy, sound energy, deformation of a material, etc.
  3. In an inelastic collision, the momentum of the body is conserved.
  4. The collision where the two colliding bodies join together and make one connected mass is called a perfectly inelastic collision. This occurs when the maximum kinetic energy is lost.

Step 2: Formula for inelastic collision:

  1. Consider two bodies moving with initial velocities and mass. They undergo an inelastic collision.
  2. Therefore, after the collision, these two bodies will get connected to form a single system with a combined total mass and a common final velocity.
  3. Since the momentum of the body is conserved, the total initial momentum will be equal to the total final momentum.

Conservation of momentum for an inelastic collision is given as,

m1v1+m2v2=(m1+m2)v

where, m1 and m2 are the mass of two bodies, and v1 and v2 are the respective velocities before the collision and v is the final velocity after collision.


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