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Question

Explain the term colligative property.


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Solution

Colligative Properties:-

  • Colligative properties are such properties of solutions that solely depend upon the amount of the substance. Colligative properties change upon changes in the amount of the substance such as association or dissociation of constituent particles of the solution.
  • Below mentioned are some of the colligative properties- Elevation in boiling point, Depression in freezing point, Relative lowering in Vapour Pressure and Osmotic pressure.

Elevation in Boiling Point:

  • This is a colligative property whereupon adding solute to a solution its boiling point increases.
  • The boiling point is not a colligative property, but elevation in the boiling point is a colligative property.

Depression in Freezing point:

  • Upon adding solute to a solution, its freezing point decreases due to a decrease in its vapour pressure.

Relative lowering in Vapour Pressure:

  • In this colligative property, the vapour pressure is lowered upon adding a solute with respect to the vapour pressure of the solution in the pure state.

Osmotic Pressure

  • In this colligative property, the process of osmosis can be stopped upon applying pressure to the concentrated side of the solution.

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