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Question

How can ethanol and ethanoic acid be differentiated on the basis of their physical and chemical properties?


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Solution

Differentiating between Ethanol and Ethanoic acid depending on their physical and chemical properties:

Ethanol

Ethanoic acid

(Physical properties)

  • Ethanol is a colourless liquid which has colorless pleasant smell.
  • Ethanoic acid is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor of vinegar.
  • It has a burning taste.
  • It has a sour taste.
  • Ethanol exist as a liquid at room temperature, and it has a melting point of 156K and a boiling point of 351 K.
  • Ethanoic acid has a melting point as 16oC. It often freezes in the winter season when the climate is cold.

(Chemical properties)

  • It does not react with react with carbonates or bicarbonates

CH3CH2OH(Ethanol)(l)+Na2CO3(s)(Sodiumcarbonate)Noreaction

  • Ethanoic acid reacts with carbonates and bicarbonates liberating CO2 as follows ;

CH3COOH(l)(Ethanoicacid)+NaHCO3(s)(Sodiumbicarbonate)CH3COONa(s)(Sodiumacetate)+H2O(l)(Water)+CO2(g)(Carbondioxide)


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