How can I identify functional groups in organic chemistry?

Here are the list of some common functional groups

Alkane : CH₃CH₂CH₃ (propane)

Alkene : CH₃CH=CH₂ (propene)

Alkyne : CH₃C≡CH (propyne)

Alkyl halide : CH₃Br (methyl bromide)

Alcohol : CH₃CH₂OH (ethanol)

Ether : CH₃OCH₃ (dimethyl ether)

Amine : CH₃NH₂ (methyl amine)

Aldehyde : CH₃CHO (acetaldehyde)

Ketone : CH₃COCH₃ (acetone)

Acyl chloride : CH₃COCl (acetyl chloride)

Carboxylic acid : CH₃CO2H (acetic acid)

Ester : CH₃CO₂CH₃ (methyl acetate)

Amide : CH₃NH₂ (acetamide)

A functional group is defined as an atom or group of atoms within a molecule that has similar chemical properties whenever it appears in various compounds.

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How can I identify functional groups in organic chemistry?

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