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Question

How the effect of dilution on specific conductances can be explained?


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Solution

Specific conductance:

  • The conductivity of ions present in 1cc of the solution is called specific conductance or conductivity of a solution.
  • Relation: G=G=KAl=kV

Where,G = conductance

κ =conductivity

A = area of cross-section

l = distance between the platinum electrodes

The specific conductivity or conductivity (k) of electrolytes decreases with the addition of water or upon dilution because the number of ions per unit volume decrease.


Effect of Dilution on specific conductance:

  • Due to dilution, the volume of the solution increases, and therefore the number of ions increases, but as the number of ions per cc of the solution decreases thus, the specific conductance of the solution decreases.
  • But on dilution, the equivalent conductivity, and the molar conductivity increase, because of the increase in the degree of dissociation and the total number of ions in the solution.

Hence, In this way, the decreasing tendency of specific conductance with the increase in dilution of the solution can be explained.


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