How to convert 3-nitrobromobenzene to 3-nitrobenzoic acid?

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Solution

Conversion of 3-Nitrobromobenzene to 3-Nitrobenzoic acid
Step 1: Formation of Grignard reagent
Magnesium reacts with3-Nitrobromobenzene and gets inserted in between the carbon and bromine to form Grignard reagent.
Step 2: Reaction with Carbon dioxide
The magnesium compound formed in the above steps react with Carbon dioxide.
Step 3: Hydrolysis of the methyl bromide adduct
After work up 3-Nitrobenzoic acid is formed.
Conversion of 3-Nitrobromobenzene to 3-Nitrobenzoic acid takes place by reacting 3-Nitrobromobenzene step wise with magnesium fist and then with Carbon dioxide.

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