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Question

How will you separate a mixture containing kerosene and petrol (the difference in their boiling points is more than25ºC), which are miscible with each other?


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Solution

Simple Distillation:

  • It is a method of separation of mixtures based on the volatile nature of boiling points.
  • In this method, the mixture is vaporized and then immediately cooled with the help of a condenser.
  • This method is used to separate a combination of two miscible liquids with boiling points that differ by more than 25°C
  • The boiling point of kerosene = around 150180°C
  • The boiling point of petrol = 95°C
  • So, the mixture of Petrol and kerosene can be separated using a simple distillation method.

Procedure:

  • In this process, kerosene and gasoline are combined in a distillation flask with a thermometer.
  • Other components include a beaker, water condenser, and Bunsen burner as shown above.
  • The combination is progressively heated; because petrol has a lower boiling point than kerosene, it will first vaporize and condense in the water condenser.
  • Condensed petrol is collected from the condenser outlet, while kerosene remains in the distillation flask.

Thus, in this way, a mixture containing kerosene and petrol is separated.


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