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Question

If number of electrons in an atom is 8 and number of protons are also 8, then (i) what is the atomic number of the atom? And (ii) what is the charge on the atom?


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Solution

Protons:-

  • Protons are nothing but the subatomic particles which positively charged and that are present in the nucleus of an atom.
  • They are represented by the symbol p.
  • They have a charge of +1.602×10-19coulomb
  • They have a mass of 1.67×10-27kg

Electrons:-

  • Electrons are the subatomic particles which are negatively charged, that is they carry a negative charge.
  • They revolve around the nucleus of an atom and have the same charge as that of a proton but opposite in sign.
  • They are represented by the symbol e-.
  • They have a charge of -1.602×10-19coulomb
  • They have a mass of 9.10×10-31kg

Atomic number:-

  • The atomic number of an element is generally determined by the total number of protons in it.
  • This atomic number is used to differentiate one element from another.
  • For example number of protons in an atom is 8, therefore its atomic number is 8.
  • Atomic number is represented y the symbol Z.

Charge of an atom:-

  • We already have known that an electron has an opposite charge to that of a proton.
  • And also the magnitude of the charge is equal.
  • As a result if the atoms have 8 electrons and 8 protons, then that atom will be electrically neutral.
  • This means that the atoms will carry no charge as their neutral.

Therefore, the atomic number of the atom is 8 and the atom will have 0 charge


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