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Question

In a SN1 reaction of alkyl halide on chiral centres, there is _______.


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Solution

SN1 reaction:-

  • It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction, in which stable carbocation is formed.
  • The rate of SN1 reaction is directly proportional to the carbocation stability in the reaction.
  • There is basically a two-step reaction in this reaction and the intermediated formed in this reaction is basically a carbocation.
  • When a nucleophile attacks the carbocation in the reaction, two products would be formed.
  • One product will have the same configuration as there before the reaction and the other formed product will have an inverted configuration which will lead to partial racemization.

Step 1:

  • In the first step in this reaction, there would be cleavage of C-Br bond.
  • This will lead to the removal of leaving group and the formation of carbocation

Step 2:

  • Now the stable carbocation would be reacted by the nucleophile.
  • Nucleophiles will attack the central carbon which is the most stable

Step 3:

  • As the last step deprotonation will take place
  • And there will be the formation of alkyl chloride.

Chiral centre:-

  1. It is actually an atom in the molecule which is bonded to the four different species.
  2. The atom which is bonded to four different species has single chirality.

Therefore, in a SN1 reaction of alkyl halide on chiral centres, there is inversion more than retention to partial racemization.


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